Pengantar Pemeliharaan Mesin Kendaraan Ringan

Pemeliharaan Mesin Kendaraan Ringan

1.Apa sih yang dimaksud dengan “Mesin/Engine”

Gambar 1 : Mesin Bensin

(Sumber : Toyota New Step-1)

“An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy”

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2. Tipe Engine Berdasarkan Tempat terjadinya pembakaran :

        Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) adalah : An internal combustion engine (ICE or IC engine) is a heat engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

Diagram of a cylinder as found in an overhead cam 4-stroke gasoline engine: C – crankshaft E – exhaust camshaft I – inlet camshaft P – piston R – connecting rod S – spark plug V – valves. red: exhaust, blue: intake. W – cooling water jacket gray structure – engine block

Gambar 2 : ICE

(Sumber : Wikipedia)

        External Combustion Engine (ECE) adalah : An external combustion engine (EC engine) is a reciprocating heat engine where a working fluid, contained internally, is heated by combustion in an external source, through the engine wall or a heat exchanger.

Newcomen's engine, a precursor of the steam engine, with the boiler heated from beneath

Gambar 3 : ECE 

(Sumber : Wikipedia)

(Sumber : Toyota New Step-1)

3. Klasifikasi Engine berdasarkan bahan bakarnya :

4. Klasifikasi Engine berdasarkan langkah kerjanya :

        Engine 4 Tak :

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        Engine 2 Tak :

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5. Klasifikasi kendaraan berdasarkan tata letak mesinnya :

        Front Engine Front Drive (FF) :

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        Contoh : Honda Jazz, Honda Civic, Honda City, Toyota Corolla

Gambar 4 : FF

(Sumber : teknik-otomotif.com)

        Front Engine Rear Drive (FR) :

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        Contoh : Toyota Avanza, Toyota Kijang, Toyota Innova

Gambar 5 : FR

(Sumber : teknik-otomotif.com)

        Middle Engine Rear Drive (MR) :

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        Contoh : Ford GT, Ferrari F430, Ferrari 360, Enzo Ferrari, Lotus Elise, Pagani Zonda, Lamborghini Murcielago, , Lamborghini Reventon, McLaren F1, Audi R8 dll.

Gambar 6 : MR 
(Sumber : montirpintar.com)

        Rear Engine Rear Drive (RR) :

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       Contoh :  VW Beetle

Gambar 7 : RR
(Sumber : teknik-otomotif.com)

        4 Wheel Drive (4WD) :

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        Contoh : Nissan Skyline seri yang GTR, Nissan GTR, Subaru Impreza, Beberapa Audi, Mitsubishi Lancer seri semua EVOLUTION, Mitsubishi Eclipse, Mitsubishi GTO, Jeep.

Gambar 8 : 4WD
(Sumber : teknik-otomotif.com)